Figure 2: Micrographs of renal tissue showing anti-TNF-α immune-staining after 17 d prophylactic doses against PDC-induced nephrotoxicity (×400). A. Renal tissue of control group didn't show any expression of or any brown color resembling to antigen antibody reaction. B. Renal tissue of PDC group showed strong positively of TNF-α expression with brown color at glomerular capillaries and mild in proximal tubules. C. Renal tissue of PDC+BCAAs (branched chain amino acids) group didn't show TNF-α expression. D. Renal tissue of PDC+CS (Cymbopogon schoenanthus) group showed positively of TNF-α expression with brown color at glomerular capillaries and mild in proximal tubules. E. Renal tissue of PDC+BCAAs+CS group did not show TNF-α expression.